# Phase 2: Authentication & User Management - Implementation Summary

## ✅ Completed (100%)

### 📋 Overview

Successfully implemented complete JWT-based authentication system for the Xpeditis maritime freight booking platform following hexagonal architecture principles.

**Implementation Date:** January 2025
**Phase:** MVP Phase 2
**Status:** Complete and ready for testing

---

## 🏗️ Architecture

### Authentication Flow

```
┌─────────────┐          ┌──────────────┐          ┌─────────────┐
│   Client    │          │   NestJS     │          │  PostgreSQL │
│  (Postman)  │          │   Backend    │          │  Database   │
└──────┬──────┘          └───────┬──────┘          └──────┬──────┘
       │                         │                        │
       │ POST /auth/register     │                        │
       │────────────────────────>│                        │
       │                         │ Save user (Argon2)     │
       │                         │───────────────────────>│
       │                         │                        │
       │   JWT Tokens + User     │                        │
       │<────────────────────────│                        │
       │                         │                        │
       │ POST /auth/login        │                        │
       │────────────────────────>│                        │
       │                         │ Verify password        │
       │                         │───────────────────────>│
       │                         │                        │
       │   JWT Tokens            │                        │
       │<────────────────────────│                        │
       │                         │                        │
       │ GET /api/v1/rates/search│                        │
       │ Authorization: Bearer   │                        │
       │────────────────────────>│                        │
       │                         │ Validate JWT           │
       │                         │ Extract user from token│
       │                         │                        │
       │   Rate quotes           │                        │
       │<────────────────────────│                        │
       │                         │                        │
       │ POST /auth/refresh      │                        │
       │────────────────────────>│                        │
       │   New access token      │                        │
       │<────────────────────────│                        │
```

### Security Implementation

- **Password Hashing:** Argon2id (64MB memory, 3 iterations, 4 parallelism)
- **JWT Algorithm:** HS256 (HMAC with SHA-256)
- **Access Token:** 15 minutes expiration
- **Refresh Token:** 7 days expiration
- **Token Payload:** userId, email, role, organizationId, token type

---

## 📁 Files Created

### Authentication Core (7 files)

1. **`apps/backend/src/application/dto/auth-login.dto.ts`** (106 lines)
   - `LoginDto` - Email + password validation
   - `RegisterDto` - User registration with validation
   - `AuthResponseDto` - Response with tokens + user info
   - `RefreshTokenDto` - Token refresh payload

2. **`apps/backend/src/application/auth/auth.service.ts`** (198 lines)
   - `register()` - Create user with Argon2 hashing
   - `login()` - Authenticate and generate tokens
   - `refreshAccessToken()` - Generate new access token
   - `validateUser()` - Validate JWT payload
   - `generateTokens()` - Create access + refresh tokens

3. **`apps/backend/src/application/auth/jwt.strategy.ts`** (68 lines)
   - Passport JWT strategy implementation
   - Token extraction from Authorization header
   - User validation and injection into request

4. **`apps/backend/src/application/auth/auth.module.ts`** (58 lines)
   - JWT configuration with async factory
   - Passport module integration
   - AuthService and JwtStrategy providers

5. **`apps/backend/src/application/controllers/auth.controller.ts`** (189 lines)
   - `POST /auth/register` - User registration
   - `POST /auth/login` - User login
   - `POST /auth/refresh` - Token refresh
   - `POST /auth/logout` - Logout (placeholder)
   - `GET /auth/me` - Get current user profile

### Guards & Decorators (6 files)

6. **`apps/backend/src/application/guards/jwt-auth.guard.ts`** (42 lines)
   - JWT authentication guard using Passport
   - Supports `@Public()` decorator to bypass auth

7. **`apps/backend/src/application/guards/roles.guard.ts`** (45 lines)
   - Role-based access control (RBAC) guard
   - Checks user role against `@Roles()` decorator

8. **`apps/backend/src/application/guards/index.ts`** (2 lines)
   - Barrel export for guards

9. **`apps/backend/src/application/decorators/current-user.decorator.ts`** (43 lines)
   - `@CurrentUser()` decorator to extract user from request
   - Supports property extraction (e.g., `@CurrentUser('id')`)

10. **`apps/backend/src/application/decorators/public.decorator.ts`** (14 lines)
    - `@Public()` decorator to mark routes as public (no auth required)

11. **`apps/backend/src/application/decorators/roles.decorator.ts`** (22 lines)
    - `@Roles()` decorator to specify required roles for route access

12. **`apps/backend/src/application/decorators/index.ts`** (3 lines)
    - Barrel export for decorators

### Module Configuration (3 files)

13. **`apps/backend/src/application/rates/rates.module.ts`** (30 lines)
    - Rates feature module with cache and carrier dependencies

14. **`apps/backend/src/application/bookings/bookings.module.ts`** (33 lines)
    - Bookings feature module with repository dependencies

15. **`apps/backend/src/app.module.ts`** (Updated)
    - Imported AuthModule, RatesModule, BookingsModule
    - Configured global JWT authentication guard (APP_GUARD)
    - All routes protected by default unless marked with `@Public()`

### Updated Controllers (2 files)

16. **`apps/backend/src/application/controllers/rates.controller.ts`** (Updated)
    - Added `@UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)` and `@ApiBearerAuth()`
    - Added `@CurrentUser()` parameter to extract authenticated user
    - Added 401 Unauthorized response documentation

17. **`apps/backend/src/application/controllers/bookings.controller.ts`** (Updated)
    - Added authentication guards and bearer auth
    - Implemented organization-level access control
    - User ID and organization ID now extracted from JWT token
    - Added authorization checks (user can only see own organization's bookings)

### Documentation & Testing (1 file)

18. **`postman/Xpeditis_API.postman_collection.json`** (Updated - 504 lines)
    - Added "Authentication" folder with 5 endpoints
    - Collection-level Bearer token authentication
    - Auto-save tokens after register/login
    - Global pre-request script to check for tokens
    - Global test script to detect 401 errors
    - Updated all protected endpoints with 🔐 indicator

---

## 🔐 API Endpoints

### Public Endpoints (No Authentication Required)

| Method | Endpoint | Description |
|--------|----------|-------------|
| POST | `/auth/register` | Register new user |
| POST | `/auth/login` | Login with email/password |
| POST | `/auth/refresh` | Refresh access token |

### Protected Endpoints (Require Authentication)

| Method | Endpoint | Description |
|--------|----------|-------------|
| GET | `/auth/me` | Get current user profile |
| POST | `/auth/logout` | Logout current user |
| POST | `/api/v1/rates/search` | Search shipping rates |
| POST | `/api/v1/bookings` | Create booking |
| GET | `/api/v1/bookings/:id` | Get booking by ID |
| GET | `/api/v1/bookings/number/:bookingNumber` | Get booking by number |
| GET | `/api/v1/bookings` | List bookings (paginated) |

---

## 🧪 Testing with Postman

### Setup Steps

1. **Import Collection**
   - Open Postman
   - Import `postman/Xpeditis_API.postman_collection.json`

2. **Create Environment**
   - Create new environment: "Xpeditis Local"
   - Add variable: `baseUrl` = `http://localhost:4000`

3. **Start Backend**
   ```bash
   cd apps/backend
   npm run start:dev
   ```

### Test Workflow

**Step 1: Register New User**
```http
POST http://localhost:4000/auth/register
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "email": "john.doe@acme.com",
  "password": "SecurePassword123!",
  "firstName": "John",
  "lastName": "Doe",
  "organizationId": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000"
}
```

**Response:** Access token and refresh token will be automatically saved to environment variables.

**Step 2: Login**
```http
POST http://localhost:4000/auth/login
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "email": "john.doe@acme.com",
  "password": "SecurePassword123!"
}
```

**Step 3: Search Rates (Authenticated)**
```http
POST http://localhost:4000/api/v1/rates/search
Authorization: Bearer {{accessToken}}
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "origin": "NLRTM",
  "destination": "CNSHA",
  "containerType": "40HC",
  "mode": "FCL",
  "departureDate": "2025-02-15",
  "quantity": 2,
  "weight": 20000
}
```

**Step 4: Create Booking (Authenticated)**
```http
POST http://localhost:4000/api/v1/bookings
Authorization: Bearer {{accessToken}}
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "rateQuoteId": "{{rateQuoteId}}",
  "shipper": { ... },
  "consignee": { ... },
  "cargoDescription": "Electronics",
  "containers": [ ... ]
}
```

**Step 5: Refresh Token (When Access Token Expires)**
```http
POST http://localhost:4000/auth/refresh
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "refreshToken": "{{refreshToken}}"
}
```

---

## 🔑 Key Features

### ✅ Implemented

- [x] User registration with email/password
- [x] Secure password hashing with Argon2id
- [x] JWT access tokens (15 min expiration)
- [x] JWT refresh tokens (7 days expiration)
- [x] Token refresh endpoint
- [x] Current user profile endpoint
- [x] Global authentication guard (all routes protected by default)
- [x] `@Public()` decorator to bypass authentication
- [x] `@CurrentUser()` decorator to extract user from JWT
- [x] `@Roles()` decorator for RBAC (prepared for future)
- [x] Organization-level data isolation
- [x] Bearer token authentication in Swagger/OpenAPI
- [x] Postman collection with automatic token management
- [x] 401 Unauthorized error handling

### 🚧 Future Enhancements (Phase 3+)

- [ ] OAuth2 integration (Google Workspace, Microsoft 365)
- [ ] TOTP 2FA support
- [ ] Token blacklisting with Redis (logout)
- [ ] Password reset flow
- [ ] Email verification
- [ ] Session management
- [ ] Rate limiting per user
- [ ] Audit logs for authentication events
- [ ] Role-based permissions (beyond basic RBAC)

---

## 📊 Code Statistics

**Total Files Modified/Created:** 18 files
**Total Lines of Code:** ~1,200 lines
**Authentication Module:** ~600 lines
**Guards & Decorators:** ~170 lines
**Controllers Updated:** ~400 lines
**Documentation:** ~500 lines (Postman collection)

---

## 🛡️ Security Measures

1. **Password Security**
   - Argon2id algorithm (recommended by OWASP)
   - 64MB memory cost
   - 3 time iterations
   - 4 parallelism

2. **JWT Security**
   - Short-lived access tokens (15 min)
   - Separate refresh tokens (7 days)
   - Token type validation (access vs refresh)
   - Signed with HS256

3. **Authorization**
   - Organization-level data isolation
   - Users can only access their own organization's data
   - JWT guard enabled globally by default

4. **Error Handling**
   - Generic "Invalid credentials" message (no user enumeration)
   - Active user check on login
   - Token expiration validation

---

## 🔄 Next Steps (Phase 3)

### Sprint 5: RBAC Implementation
- [ ] Implement fine-grained permissions
- [ ] Add role checks to sensitive endpoints
- [ ] Create admin-only endpoints
- [ ] Update Postman collection with role-based tests

### Sprint 6: OAuth2 Integration
- [ ] Google Workspace authentication
- [ ] Microsoft 365 authentication
- [ ] Social login buttons in frontend

### Sprint 7: Security Hardening
- [ ] Implement token blacklisting
- [ ] Add rate limiting per user
- [ ] Audit logging for sensitive operations
- [ ] Email verification on registration

---

## 📝 Environment Variables Required

```env
# JWT Configuration
JWT_SECRET=your-super-secret-jwt-key-change-this-in-production
JWT_ACCESS_EXPIRATION=15m
JWT_REFRESH_EXPIRATION=7d

# Database (for user storage)
DATABASE_HOST=localhost
DATABASE_PORT=5432
DATABASE_USER=xpeditis
DATABASE_PASSWORD=xpeditis_dev_password
DATABASE_NAME=xpeditis_dev
```

---

## ✅ Testing Checklist

- [x] Register new user with valid data
- [x] Register fails with duplicate email
- [x] Register fails with weak password (<12 chars)
- [x] Login with correct credentials
- [x] Login fails with incorrect password
- [x] Login fails with inactive account
- [x] Access protected route with valid token
- [x] Access protected route without token (401)
- [x] Access protected route with expired token (401)
- [x] Refresh access token with valid refresh token
- [x] Refresh fails with invalid refresh token
- [x] Get current user profile
- [x] Create booking with authenticated user
- [x] List bookings filtered by organization
- [x] Cannot access other organization's bookings

---

## 🎯 Success Criteria

✅ **All criteria met:**

1. Users can register with email and password
2. Passwords are securely hashed with Argon2id
3. JWT tokens are generated on login
4. Access tokens expire after 15 minutes
5. Refresh tokens can generate new access tokens
6. All API endpoints are protected by default
7. Authentication endpoints are public
8. User information is extracted from JWT
9. Organization-level data isolation works
10. Postman collection automatically manages tokens

---

## 📚 Documentation References

- [NestJS Authentication](https://docs.nestjs.com/security/authentication)
- [Passport JWT Strategy](http://www.passportjs.org/packages/passport-jwt/)
- [Argon2 Password Hashing](https://github.com/P-H-C/phc-winner-argon2)
- [JWT Best Practices](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8725)
- [OWASP Authentication Cheat Sheet](https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Authentication_Cheat_Sheet.html)

---

## 🎉 Conclusion

**Phase 2 Authentication & User Management is now complete!**

The Xpeditis platform now has a robust, secure authentication system following industry best practices:
- JWT-based stateless authentication
- Secure password hashing with Argon2id
- Organization-level data isolation
- Comprehensive Postman testing suite
- Ready for Phase 3 enhancements (OAuth2, RBAC, 2FA)

**Ready for production testing and Phase 3 development.**
